Michael A. Alexander

Address:

Education:

Ph.D., Department of Meteorology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1990. Advisor - John E. Kutzbach

M.S., Department of Meteorology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1986. Advisor - Gerald Herman.

B.S., Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Cornell University, 1982.

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Experience:

Meteorologist., NOAA Physical Sciences Laboratory , 10/99 - present
Direct and conduct original research and publish the findings in peer-review journals on atmosphere-ocean interaction, moisture transport and precipitation over the United States, climate variability and change, and marine biology. Work closely with hydrologists, biologists and managers to inform them on how these processes effect water supply, living marine resources and ecosystem function. NOAA lead of the Physical Science Division (PSD) Atmosphere-Ocean Process team. Supervise NOAA employees and act as science advisor for cooperative institute employees and students. Plan, execute, and report research team annual milestones, research to operations/applications, and technology transfer.

Research Associate. (Visiting Fellow 1/91-1/92), Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado, 1/92 - 9/99. Instructor, Atmosphere-Ocean Dynamics and Interannual Climate Variability Course, University of Washington, Friday Harbor Lab, 7/93 - 8/93.

Research Assistant, Department of Meteorology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 7/83 - 12/90.
Examined climatic variability, large scale air-sea interaction, and atmospheric and oceanic energy transport, through modeling experiments and data analysis.

Head Teaching Assistant, Introductory meteorology, Department of Meteorology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1/86 - 5/86.

Weather Information Specialist, Weather Services International (WSI), Boston, MA, 9/82 - 6/83.

Weather Forecaster, The Weather Center, Ithaca, New York, 1/82 - 8/82.

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Awards:

NOAA Employee/Team Member of the Month (2020). For conception and implementation of the "Funtastic Science Talks" informal, educational online program.

Awarded the American Meteorological Society (AMS) 2018 Sverdrup Gold Medal

Elected a fellow to the Americam Meteorological Society (AMS) 2018

Department of Commerce Bronze Medal (2017). "For successful completion in NOAA of the first Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment of fish and invertebrates."

NOAA/Oceanic and Atmospheric Research Outstanding Scientific Paper Award 2011. For:
Forecasting the dynamics of a coastal fishery species using a coupled climate population model,
by Hare, J., M. Alexander, M. Fogarty, E. Williams, J. Scott. Ecological Applications,20(2), 452-464.

Service:

Editor for the State of the Climate, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society (BAMS; 12/20 - )

Member of the NCAR Community Earth System Model (CESM) Advisory Board (9/20 - )

Chair Oceanography Awards Committee (2020-2021; member 2019-)

Member of the NOAA Integrated Ecosystem Assessment (IEA Scientific Steering Committee (2015 - )

Editor, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society (BAMS; 8/13 - 12/20)

A Lead Author of the Oceans Chapter in the National Climate Assessemnt Report on Climate Change Impacts in the United States (5/14)

Research Affiliate:
The Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University (9/16-8/19)
The Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences (ATOC), University of Colorado at Boulder (12/11-)

Editor, Journal of Climate (8/08-3/12)

Co-Chair of the US CLIVAR Phenomena, Observations and Synthesis (POS) Panel (3/07-12/09) (panel member starting in 8/05)

Co-Chair of the Member of the US CLIVAR Western Boundary Current Working Group (1/07-12/09)

Associate Editor, Journal of Climate (2/06-7/08)

Member of the NCAR, Climate and Global Change Division, Scientific Steering Committee (6/05-)

Member of the GLOBEC scientific steering committee (3/04-10/11)

Chair of the American Meteorological Society (AMS) Air-Sea Interaction Committee (4/03-2/06)

Co-chair Climate Variability Working Group for NCAR's Community Climate System Model (4/01-8/05)

Chairman, Secretary and Co-founder of the Madison chapter of the American Meteorological Society (AMS), 3/87 - 9/88.

President of the Cornell chapter of the AMS, 9/81 - 6/82.

Member of the American Meteorological Society.

Member of the American Geophysical Union

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Publications:

• Ross, A. C., C. A. Stock, V. Koul, T. L. Delworth, F. Lu, A. Wittenberg, and M. A. Alexander, 2024: Dynamically downscaled seasonal ocean forecasts for North American East Coast ecosystems. Ocean Science EGUsphere [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-394. 129, e2023JC020504.
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• Xu, T., M. Newman, M. A. Alexander, and A. Capotondi, 2024: Seasonal predictability of bottom temperatures along the North American West Coast. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 129, e2023JC020504.
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• Jacox, M. G., D. J. Amaya, and M. A. Alexander (2024), Marine Heatwaves in 2023 [in "State of the Climate in 2023, Oceans chapter"], Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 105 (8), S167-168, doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-24-0100.1.
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• Cluett, A. A., M. G. Jacox, D. J. Amaya, M. A. Alexander, and J.D. Scott, 2024: Atmospheric precursors of skillful SST prediction in the Northeast Pacific, Journal of Climate, 37 (20), 5337-5353, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-24-0121.1.
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• Jacox, M. G., S. J. Bograd, J. Fiechter, M. Pozo Buil, M. Alexander, D. Amaya, N. Cordero Quiros, H. Ding, and R. R. Rykaczewski, 2024: Linking upwelling dynamics and subsurface nutrients to projected productivity changes in the California Current System, Geophysical Research Letters, 51, e2023GL108096, doi:10.1029/2023GL108096.
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• Deser, C., A. S. Phillips, M. A. Alexander, D. J. Amaya, A. Capotondi, M. G. Jacox and J. D. Scott, 2024: Future changes in the intensity and duration of marine heat and cold waves: Insights from coupled model initial-condition large ensembles. Journal of Climate, 37, 1877-1902, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-23-0278.1.
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• Wei, H.-H., M. Alexander, and M. Newman, 2024: Impact of time scales on North Pacific surface turbulent heat fluxes driven by ENSO. Geophysical Research Letters, 51, e2023GL107009. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL107009
  • Open Access


• Xu, T., M. Newman, A. Capotondi, and M. Alexander, 2024: A Forecast Test for Reducing Dynamical Dimensionality of Model Emulators. JAMES, 16, e2022MS003599, doi: 10.1029/2022MS003599.
  • Open Access


• Ross, A. C., Stock, C. A., Adcroft, A., Curchitser, E., Hallberg, R., Harrison, M. J., Hedstrom, K., Zadeh, N., Alexander, M., et. al., 2023: A high-resolution physical--biogeochemical model for marine resource applications in the northwest Atlantic (MOM6-COBALT-NWA12 v1.0), Geoscientific Model Development, 16, 6943-6985, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-6943-2023
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• Amaya DJ, MG Jacox, MR Fewings, VS Saba, MF Stuecker, RR Rykaczewski, ... MA Alexander, et al., 2023: Marine heatwaves need clear definitions so coastal communities can adapt. Nature, 616(7955), 29-32. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-023-00924-2.
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• Pozo Buil, M., J. Fiechter, M.G. Jacox, S.J. Bograd, and M.A. Alexander, 2023: Evaluation of different bias correction methods for dynamical downscaled future projections of the California Current upwelling system, Earth and Space Science, doi:10.1029/2023EA003121.
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• Castillo-Trujillo, A. C., Y.-O. Kwon, P. Fratantoni, K. Chen, H. Seo, M. A. Alexander, V. S. Saba, 2023: An evaluation of eight global ocean reanalyses for the Northeast U.S. Continental shelf, Progress in Oceanography, 219, 103126, ISSN 0079-6611, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2023.103126.
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• Zhu, Y., W. Han, M. A. Alexander, and S.-I. Shin, 2023: Interannual Sea Level Variability Along the U.S. East Coast During Satellite Altimetry Era: Local versus Remote Forcing. Journal of Climate https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-23-0065.1
  • PDF Preprint (early online release)


• Jacox, M.G., M. Pozo Buil, S. Brodie, M.A. Alexander, D.J. Amaya, S.J. Bograd, et al., 2023: Downscaled seasonal forecasts for the California Current System: Skill assessment and prospects for living marine resource applications. PLOS Climate, 2(10), e0000245. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000245
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• Ding, H., M. A. Alexander, and M. Ting, 2023: Revisiting the Relationship between the North Pacific High and Upwelling Winds along the West Coast of North America in the Present and Future Climate. Journal of Climate, 36, 8211-8224, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-23-0238.1.
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  • Supplementary Material


• Ding, H., and M. A. Alexander (2023). Multi-year predictability of global sea surface temperature using model-analogs. Geophysical Research Letters, 50, e2023GL104097. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL104097
  • Open Access


• Henderson, M.E., K.E. Mills, M.A. Alexander, M. Barajas, M.J. Collins, M. Dzaugis, D. Kircheis, and T. F. Sheehan, 2023: A synthesis of US Atlantic salmon habitat requirements and implications for future suitability under a changing climate, ICES Journal of Marine Science, 80, Issue 8, 2051-2073, https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsad127
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• Zhu, Y., W. Han, and M. A. Alexander, 2023: Nonstationary roles of regional forcings in driving low-frequency sea level variability along the U.S. east coast since the 1950s. Geophysical Research Letters, 50, e2023GL104191. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL104191
  • Open Access


• Alexander, M.A., J.D. Scott, M.G. Jacox, C. Deser, D. J. Amaya, A. Capotondi, and A.S. Phillips, 2023: A survey of coastal conditions around the continental US using a high-resolution ocean reanalysis, Progress in Oceanography, 216, 103055, ISSN 0079-6611, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2023.103055
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  • Supplementary Information
  • Journal Access


• Amaya, D. J., M. G. Jacox, M. A. Alexander, J. D. Scott, C. Deser, A. Capotondi and A. S. Phillips, 2023: Bottom marine heatwaves along the continental shelves of North America. Nature Communications 14, 1038. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-36567-0
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• Braun, C. D., N. Leezama-Ochoa, N. Farchadi, M. C. Arosteugi, M. Alexander, 2023: Widespread habitat loss and redistribution of marine top predators in a changing ocean. Science Advances, 9, eadi2718. DOI:10.1126/sciadv.adi2718
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• Braun, C. D., M. C. Arostegui, N. Farchadi, M. Alexander, P. Afonso, A. Allyn, S. J. Bograd, et al. 2023. Building Use-Inspired Species Distribution Models: Using Multiple Data Types to Examine and Improve Model Performance. Ecological Applications e2893. https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2893
  • Open Access


• Norton E. L. I. C. Kaplan, S. Siedlecki, A. J. Hermann, S. R. Alin, J. Newton, K. Corbett, D. Ayres, E. J. Schumacker, N. A. Bond, K. Richerson, M. A Alexander, 2023: Seasonal ocean forecasts to improve predictions of Dungeness crab catch rates, co-developed with state and tribal fishery managers, ICES Journal of Marine Science, 80, 4, 823-835, https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsad010
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• Smith, J.A., M. Pozo Buil, B. Muhling, D. Tommasi, S. Brodie, T.H. Frawley, J. Fiechter, S. Koenigstein, A. Himes-Cornell, M.A. Alexander, et al., 2023: Projecting climate change impacts from physics to fisheries: a view from three California Current fisheries, Progress in Oceanography, 211, 102973, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2023.102973
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• Amaya, D. J., M. A. Alexander, J. D. Scott, and M. G. Jacox, 2023: An evaluation of high-resolution ocean reanalyses in the California Current System, Progress in Oceanography, 210, 102951, doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2022.102951.
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  • Highlight


• Xu, T., M. Newman, A. Capotondi, S. Stevenson, E. DiLorenzo, and M. Alexander, 2022: An increase in marine heatwaves without significant changes in surface ocean temperature variability. Nat. Commun., 13, 7396, doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-34934-x.
  • Open Access


• Sukhonos, P.A., and M. A. Alexander, 2022: The reemergence of the winter sea surface temperature tripole in the North Atlantic from ocean reanalysis data. Climate Dynamics https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-022-06581-x
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• Jacox, M. G., M. A. Alexander, D. Amaya, E. Becker, S. J. Bograd, S. Brodie, E. L. Hazen, M. Pozo Buil, and D. Tommasi, 2022: Global seasonal forecasts of marine heatwaves, Nature, 604, 486-490, doi:10.1038/s41586-022-04573-9.
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  • News & Views


• Alexander, M. A., S.-I. Shin, and D. S. Battisti, 2022: The influence of the trend, basin interactions, and ocean dynamics on tropical ocean prediction. Geophysical Research Letters, 49, e2021GL096120. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL096120
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• Baumann H., L. F. Jones, C. S. Murray, S. A. Siedlecki, M. Alexander, Emma L. Cross, 2022: Impaired hatching exacerbates the high CO2 sensitivity of embryonic sand lance Ammodytes dubius. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 687, 147-162, doi: 10.3354/meps14010
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• Clark, S., K. A. Hubbard, D. K. Ralston, D. J. McGillicuddy, C. Stock, M. A. Alexander, E. Curchitser, 2022: Projected effects of climate change on Pseudo-nitzschia bloom dynamics in the Gulf of Maine, Journal of Marine Systems, 230, 103737, ISSN 0924-7963, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2022.103737.
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• Amaya, D. J., M. G. Jacox, J. Dias, M. A. Alexander, K. B. Karnauskas, J. D. Scott, and M. Gehne, 2022: Subseasonal-to-seasonal forecast skill in the California Current System and its connection to coastal Kelvin waves, Journal of Geophysical Research - Oceans, 127, e2021JC017892, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JC017892.
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• Hughes, M., Swales, D., Scott, J.D, Alexander, M., Mahoney, K., R. R. McCrary, R. R., Cifelli, R., Bukovsky, M., 2022: Changes in extreme integrated water vapor transport on the U.S. west coast in NA-CORDEX, and relationship to mountain and inland precipitation. Clim. Dyn. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-022-06168-6
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• Hare, J. A., D. L. Borggaard, M. A. Alexander, et al., 2021: A review of River Herring science in support of species conservation and ecosystem restoration. Mar. Coast. Fish., 13 (6), 627-664, https://doi.org/10.1002/mcf2.10174.
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• Kearney, K. A., M. A. Alexander, K. Aydin, W. Cheng, G. Hervieux and I. Ortiz, 2021: Seasonal predictability of sea ice and bottom temperature across the eastern Bering Sea shelf. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, 126 (11), e2021JC017545, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JC017545.
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• Drenkard, E., C. Stock, A. Adcroft, M. Alexander, and co-authors, 2021: Next-generation regional ocean projections for living marine resource management in a changing climate. ICES Journal of Marine Science. fsab100, https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsab100
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• Ding, H., M. A. Alexander and M. G. Jacox, 2021: Role of geostrophic currents in future changes of coastal upwelling in the California Current System. Geophysical Research Letters, 47, e2020GL090768. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL090768
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• Mahoney K., J. D. Scott, M. Alexander, R. McCrary, M. Hughes., D. Swales, M. Bukovski, 2021: Cool season precipitation projections for California and the Western United States in NA-CORDEX models. Climate Dynamics, 56, 3081-3102. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-021-05632-z
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• Shin, S.-I., P. D. Sardeshmukh, M. Newman, C. Penland, and M. A. Alexander, 2021: Impact of the Annual Cycle on ENSO Variability and Predictability. J. Climate, 34, 171-193. doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-20-0291.1.
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• Amaya DJ, M. A. Alexander, A. Capotondi, C. Deser, K. B. Karnauskas, A.J. Miller, and N.J. Mantua, 2021: Are Long-Term Changes in Mixed Layer Depth Influencing North Pacific Marine Heatwaves? [in "Explaining Extremes of 2019 from a Climate Perspective"]. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society , 102(1), S59-S66, https://doi.org/10.1175/ BAMS-D-20-0144.1.
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• Pozo Buil, M., M. G. Jacox, J. Fiechter, M. A. Alexander, S. J. Bograd, E. N. Curchitser, C. A. Edwards, R. R. Rykaczewski, and C. A. Stock, 2021: A dynamically downscaled ensemble of future projections for the California Current System. Frontiers in Marine Science, 8:612874. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2021.612874
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• Fiechter, J., M. Pozo Buil, M. G. Jacox, M. A. Alexander, K. A. Rose, 2021: Projected shifts in 21st century sardine distribution and catch in the California Current. Frontiers in Marine Science, 8, 874, doi:10.3389/fmars.2021.685241.
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• Brickman D., M. A. Alexander, A. Pershing, J. D. Scott, and Z. Wang, 2021: Projections of Physical Conditions in the Gulf of Maine in 2050. Elementa Science of the Anthropocene. 9 (1): 00055. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2020.20.00055
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• Siedlecki, S. A., J. Salisbury, D. K. Gledhill, C. Bastidas, S. Meseck, K. McGarry, M. Alexander, et al., 2021: Projecting ocean acidification impacts for the Gulf of Maine to 2050: New tools and expectations. Elementa Science of the Anthropocene. 9 (1): 00062. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2020.00062
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• Pershing, A. J., M. A. Alexander, et al., 2021: Climate Impacts in the Gulf of Maine Ecosystem: A Review of Observed and Expected Changes in 2050 from Rising Temperatures. Elementa Science of the Anthropocene. 9 (1): 00076. https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2020.00076
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• Jacox, M. G., M. A. Alexander, S. J. Bograd, and J. D. Scott, 2020: Thermal displacement by marine heatwaves, Nature, 584, 82-86, doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2534-z.
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  • News and Views
  • Press Release


• Shin, J., S. Park, S.-I. Shin, M. Newman, and M. A. Alexander, 2020: Enhancing ENSO Prediction Skill by combining Model-Analog and Linear Inverse Models (MA-LIM). Geophys. Res. Lett., 47, doi: 10.1029/2019GL085914.
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• Ray, S., S. Siedlecki, M. A. Alexander, N. A. Bond, A. J. Hermann, 2020: Drivers of subsurface temperature variability in the Northern California Current. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, 125, e2020JC016227, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JC016227
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• Sun, L., C. Deser, R. Tomas and M. Alexander, 2020: Global coupled climate response to polar sea ice loss: Evaluating the effectiveness of different ice-constraining approaches. Geophys. Res. Lett., doi: 10.1029/2019GL085788.
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• Shin, S., and M. A. Alexander, 2020: Dynamical Downscaling of Future Hydrographic Changes over the Northwest Atlantic Ocean J. Climate , 33 (7): 2871-2890. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0483.1.
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• Ding, H., M. Newman, M. A. Alexander, and A. T. Wittenberg, 2020: Relating CMIP5 model biases to seasonal forecast skill in the tropical Pacific Geophys. Res. Lett., 47, doi: 10.1029/2019GL086765.
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• Alexander, M. A., S. Shin, J. D. Scott, E. Curchitser, C. Stock, 2020: The Response of the Northwest Atlantic Ocean to Climate Change J. Climate , 33 (2): 405-428. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0117.1.
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• Jacox, M. G., D. Tommasi, M. A. Alexander, G. Hervieux, and C. Stock, 2019: Predicting the evolution of the 2014-16 California Current System marine heatwave from an ensemble of coupled global climate forecasts, Frontiers in Marine Science, 6:497, doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00497.
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• Ding, H., M. Newman, M. A. Alexander, and A. T. Wittenberg, 2019: Diagnosing secular variations in retrospective ENSO seasonal forecast skill using CMIP5 model-analogs. Geophys. Res. Lett., 46, 1721-1730, doi: 10.1029/2018GRL080598.
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• Brady, R. X., N. S. Lovenduski, M. A. Alexander, M. Jacox, and N. Gruber, 2019: On the role of climate modes in modulating the air-sea CO2 fluxes in eastern boundary upwelling systems, Biogeosciences, 16, 329-346, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-329-2019.
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• Byju, P., D. Dommenget, and M. A. Alexander, 2018: Widespread reemergence of sea surface temperature anomalies in the global oceans, including tropical regions forced by reemerging winds. Geophysical Research Letters, 45, 7683-7691. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL079137
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• Sun, L., M. Alexander, and C. Deser, 2018: Evolution of the Global Coupled Climate Response to Arctic Sea Ice Loss during 1990-2090 and Its Contribution to Climate Change. J. Climate, 31, 7823-7843, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0134.1
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• Mahoney, K., D. Swales, M.J. Mueller, M. Alexander, M. Hughes, and K. Malloy, 2018: An Examination of an Inland-Penetrating Atmospheric River Flood Event under Potential Future Thermodynamic Conditions. J. Climate, 31, 6281-6297, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0118.1
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• Ding, H., M. Newman, M. Alexander, and A. Wittenberg, 2018: Skillful climate forecasts of the tropical Indo-Pacific Ocean using model-analogs. J. Climate, 31, 5437-5459, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-17-0661.1.
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• Jana, S., B. Rajagopalan, M. A. Alexander, and A. J. Ray, 2018: Understanding the dominant sources and tracks of moisture for summer rainfall in the southwest United States. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 123, 4850-4870. https://doi.org/10.1029/2017JD027652
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• Turi, G., Alexander, M., Lovenduski, N. S., Capotondi, A., Scott, J., Stock, C., Dunne, J., John, J., and Jacox, M., 2018: Response of O2 and pH to ENSO in the California Current System in a high-resolution global climate model. Ocean Sci., 14, 69-86, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-14-69-2018.
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• Muhling B.A., D. Tommasi, S. Ohshimo, M.A. Alexander, and G. DiNardo, 2018: Regional-scale surface temperature variability allows prediction of Pacific bluefin tuna recruitment ICES Journal of Marine Science, doi:10.1093/icesjms/fsy017.
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• Zheng, J., F. Wang, M.A. Alexander, and M. Wang, 2018: Impact of South Pacific Subtropical Dipole Mode on the Equatorial Pacific. J. Climate, 31, 2197-2216, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-17-0256.1
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• Alexander MA, JD Scott, KD Friedland, KE Mills, JA Nye, AJ Pershing, AC Thomas, 2018: Projected sea surface temperatures over the 21st century: Changes in the mean, variability and extremes for large marine ecosystem regions of Northern Oceans. Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene, 6(1):9, DOI: http://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.191
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• Thomas, A. C., A. J. Pershing, K. D. Friedland, J. A. Nye, K. E. Mills, M. A. Alexander, N. R. Record, R. Weatherbee, and E. Henderson, 2018: Seasonal trends and Phenology shifts in sea surface temperature on the North American northeastern continetal shelf. Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene, 5:48, DOI: http://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.240
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• Le Bris, A., K. E. Mills, R. A. Wahle, Y. Chen, M. A. Alexander, A. J. Allyna, J. G. Schuetz, J. D. Scott, and A. J. Pershing, 2018: Climate vulnerability and resilience in the most valuable North American fishery. PNAS, published on-line, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1711122115.
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• Jacox, M. G., M. A. Alexander, N. J. Mantua, J. D. Scott, G. Hervieux, R. S. Webb, and F. E. Werner, 2017: Forcing of multiyear extreme ocean temperatures that impacted California Current living marine resources in 2016 [in "Explaining extreme events of 2016 from a climate perspective"], Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 98, S27-S33, doi: 10.1175/BAMS-D-17-0119.1.
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• Brady R.X., M.A. Alexander, R.R. Rykaczewski, and N.S. Lovenduski, 2017: Emergent anthropogenic trends in California Current upwelling, Geophys. Res. Lett., 44, doi:10.1002/2017GL072945.
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• Gan, B. L. Wu, F Jia, S. Li, W. Cai, H. Nakamura, M. A. Alexander, and A. J. Miller, 2017: On the response of the Aleutian Low to greenhouse warming. J. Climate, 30, 3907-3925, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0789.1.
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• Lee, H.J., M.O. Kwon, S. Yeh, Y. Kwon, W. Park, J. Park, Y.H. Kim, and M.A. Alexander,?2017:? Impact of Poleward Moisture Transport from the North Pacific on the Acceleration of Sea Ice Loss in the Arctic since 2002.? J. Climate,?30,?6757-6769,?https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0461.1?
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• Hervieux, G., M. A. Alexander, C.A. Stock, M. G. Jacox, K. Pegion, E. Becker, F. Castruccio, and D Tommasi, 2017: More reliable coastal SST forecasts from the North American multimodel ensemble Climate Dynamics, DOI 10.1007/s00382-017-3652-7.
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• Jacox, M. G., M. A. Alexander, C.A. Stock, and G. Hervieux, 2017: On the skill of seasonal sea surface temperature forecasts in the California Current System and its connection to ENSO variability. Climate Dynamics, DOI 10.1007/s00382-017-3608-y.
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• Kim, H. M., Y. Zhou, and M. A. Alexander, 2017: Changes in atmospheric rivers and moisture transport over the Northeast Pacific and western North America in response to ENSO diversity, Climate Dynamics, DOI: 10.1007/s00382-017-35989
  • PDF


• Tommasi, D, et al., 2017: Managing living marine resources in a dynamic environment: The role of seasonal to decadal climate forecasts. Prog. Oceanogr., 152, 15-49.
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• Tommasi, D., C. A. Stock, M. A. Alexander, X. Yang, A. Rosati and G. A. Vecchi, 2017. Multi-Annual Climate Predictions for Fisheries: An Assessment of Skill of Sea Surface Temperature Forecasts for Large Marine Ecosystems Frontiers in Marine Science, 4, Article 201. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2017.00201
  • PDF


• Tommasi, D., C. A. Stock, K. Pegion, G. A. Vecchi, R. D. Methot, M. A. Alexander, D. M. Checkley, 2017. Improved management of small pelagic fisheries through seasonal climate prediction. Ecological Applications, 27, 378-388. 10.1002/eap.1458
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• Friedland, K. D., N. R. Record, R. G. Asch, T. Kristiansen, V. S. Saba, K. F. Drinkwater, S. Henson, R. T. Leaf, R. E. Morse, D. G. Johns, S. I. Large, S. S. Hjollo, J. A. Nye, M. A. Alexander and R. Ji, 2016: Seasonal phytoplankton blooms in the North Atlantic linked to the overwintering strategies of copepods. Elementa, DOI 10.12952/journal.elementa.000099.
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• Newman, M., M. A. Alexander, T. R. Ault, K. M. Cobb, C. Deser, E. Di Lorenzo, N. J. Mantua, A. J. Miller, S. Minobe, H. Nakamura, N. Schneider, D. J. Vimont, A. S. Phillips, J. D. Scott, and C. A. Smith, 2016: The Pacific Decadal Oscillation, Revisited. J. Climate, 29, 4399-4427., doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0508.1.
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• Saba, V. S., S. M. Griffes, W. G. Anderson, M. Winton, M. A. Alexander, T. L. Delworth, J. A. Hare, M. J. Harrison, A. Rosati, G. A. Vechhi, R. Zhang, 2016: Enhanced warming of the Northwest Atlantic Ocean under climate change. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 121, 118-132, doi:10.1002/2015JC011346.
  • PDF


• Scott, J., M. Alexander, D. Murray, D. Swales and J. Eischeid, 2015: The Climate Change Web Portal: A System to Access and Display Climate and Earth System Model Output from the CMIP5 archive. Bull. Amer. Met. Soc.,, 97, 523-530, doi: 10.1175/BAMS-D-15-00035.1 (in press - early release).
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• Hare J. A., W. E. Morrison, M. W. Nelson, M. M. Stachura, E. J. Teeters, R. B. Griffis, M. A. Alexander, J. D. Scott, et al., 2016: A Vulnerability Assessment of Fish and Invertebrates to Climate Change on the Northeast U.S. Continental Shelf. PLoS ONE 11: e0146756. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0146756
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• Scannell, H. A., A. J. Pershing, M. A. Alexander, A. C. Thomas, and K. E. Mills, 2016: Frequency of marine heatwaves in the North Atlantic and North Pacific since 1950. Geophys. Res. Lett., 43, 2069-2076. doi:10.1002/2015GL067308.
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• Swales D., M. Alexander, and M. Hughes, 2016: Examining moisture pathways and extreme precipitation in the U.S. Intermountain West using self-organizing maps, Geophys. Res. Lett., 43, 1727-1735. doi:10.1002/2015GL067478.
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• Pershing, A. J., M. A. Alexander, C. M. Hernandez, L. A. Kerr, A. Le Bris, K. E. Mills, J. A. Nye, N. R. Record, H. A. Scannell, J. D. Scott, G. D. Sherwood, and A. C. Thomas, 2015: Slow Adaptation in the Face of Rapid Warming Leads to the Collapse of Atlantic Cod in the Gulf of Maine. Science, 10.1126/science.aac9819. (in press - early release)
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• Di Lorenzo, E., G. Liguori, J. Furtado, N. Schneider, B. T. Anderson and M. Alexander, 2015: ENSO and Meridional Modes: a null hypothesis for Pacific climate variability. Geophys. Res. Let., 42, doi:10.1002/2015GL066281.
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• Stock, C., K., Pegion, G. Vecchi, M. Alexander, D. Tommasi, N. Bond, P. Fratantoni, R. Gudgel, T. Kristiansen, T. O'Brien, Y. Xue, X. Yang, 2015: Seasonal Sea Surface Temperature Anomaly Prediction for Coastal Ecosystems. Progress in Oceanography, 137, 219-236. doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2015.06.007
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• Bracken, C., B. Rajagopalan, M. Alexander, and S. Gangopadhyay, 2015: Spatial Variability of Seasonal Extreme Precipitation in the Western United States, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 120, 4522-4533, doi:10.1002/2015JD023205.
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• Kim, H-M., and M. A. Alexander, 2015: ENSO's Modulation of Water Vapor Transport over the Pacific North America Region. J. Climate , 28, 3846-3856. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00725.1
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• Tommasi, D., J. Nye, C. Stock, J. A. Hare, M. Alexander, K. Drew, 2015: Effect of Environmental Conditions on Juvenile Recruitment of Alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) and Blueback Herring (A. aestivalis) in Freshwater: A Coastwide Perspective. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 72, 1037-1047, 10.1139/cjfas-2014-0259
  • PDF


• M. A. Alexander, J. D. Scott, D. Swales, M. Hughes, K. Mahoney, C. A. Smith, 2015: Moisture Pathways into the US Intermountain West Associated with Heavy Winter Precipitation Events J. Hydrometerology, 16, 1184-1206, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-14-0139.1.
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  • Supplemental Material


• Smirnov, D., M. Newman, M. A. Alexander, Y.-O. Kwon, and C. Frankignoul, 2015: Investigating the local atmospheric response to a realistic shift in the Oyashio sea surface temperature front. J. Climate, 28, 1126-1147.
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• Lynch, P. D., J. A. Nye, J. A. Hare, C. A. Stock, M. A. Alexander, J. D. Scott, K. L. Curti, and K. Drew, 2014: Projected ocean warming creates a conservation challenge for river herring populations. ICES Journal of Marine Science, doi:10.1093/icesjms/fsu134.
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• Hughes, M., K. M. Mahoney, P. J. Neiman, B. J. Moore, M. Alexander, F. M. Ralph, 2014: The Landfall and Inland Penetration of a Flood-Producing Atmospheric River in Arizona. Part II: Sensitivity of modeled precipitation to terrain height and atmospheric river orientation, J. Hydrometeorology, 15, 1954-1974.
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• Vimont, D., M. A. Alexander, and M. Newman 2014: Optimal Growth of Central and East Pacific ENSO Events. Geophys. Res. Lett., 41, 4027-4034, doi: 10.1002/2014GL059997.
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• Alexander M. A., K. H. Kilbourne, J. A. Nye, 2014: Climate variability during warm and cold phases of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) 1871-2008. Journal of Marine Systems , 133, 14-26, Available online 6 August 2013. Special issue on the AMO.
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• Kilbourne, K. H., M. A. Alexander, J. A. Nye, 2014: A low latitude paleoclimate perspective on Atlantic multidecadal variability Journal of Marine Systems , 133, 4-13 , Available online 6 August 2013. Special issue on the AMO.
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• Deser, C., A. S. Phillips, M. A. Alexander, and B. V. Smoliak, 2014: Projecting North American Climate over the next 50 years: Uncertainty due to internal variability J. Climate, 27, 2271-2296.
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  • Supplemental Material


• Han W., G.A. Meehl, A. Hu, M. Alexander, T. Yamagata, D. Yuan, M. Ishii, P. Pegion, J. Zheng, B. Hamlington, X.-W. Quan, and R. Leben, 2013: Intensification of decadal and multi-decadal sea level variability in the western tropical Pacific during recent decades. Clim. Dyn., DOI:10.1007/s00382-013-1951-1.
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• Smirnov, D., M. Newman, and M. A. Alexander, 2014: Investigating the role of ocean-atmosphere coupling in the North Pacific Ocean. J. Climate, 27, 592-606, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00123.1.
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• McClure, M. M., M. Alexander, D. Borggaard, D. Boughton, L. Crozier, R. Griffis, J. C. Jorgensen, S. Lindley, J. Nye, M. J. Rowland, E. E. Seney, A. Snover, C. Toole, K. van Houtan Incorporating Climate Science in Applications of the U.S. Endangered Species Act for Aquatic Species Conservation Biology, 27, 1222-1233. doi: 10.1111/cobi.12166.
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• Snover, A.K., N.J. Mantua, J.S. Littell, M.A. Alexander, M. McClure, and J. Nye, 2013. Choosing and using climate change scenarios for ecological impacts assessments and conservation decisions. Conservation Biology, 27 1147-1157. doi: 10.1111/cobi.12163.
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• Pegion, K. and M. Alexander, 2013: The Seasonal Footprinting Mechanism in CFSv2: Simulation and Impact on ENSO Prediction Climate Dynamics, 41, 1671-1683 10.1007/s00382-013-1887-5. Special issue on the NCEP Climate Forecast System (CFS).
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• Alexander, Michael A., James D. Scott, Kelly Mahoney, Joseph Barsugli, 2013: Greenhouse Gas-Induced Changes in Summer Precipitation over Colorado in NARCCAP Regional Climate Models. J. Climate, 26, 8690-8697. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00088.1
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  • Supplemental Material


• Mahoney, Kelly, Michael Alexander, James D. Scott, Joseph Barsugli, 2013: High-Resolution Downscaled Simulations of Warm-Season Extreme Precipitation Events in the Colorado Front Range under Past and Future Climates. J. Climate, 26, 8671-8689. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00744.1
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  • Supplemental Material


• Hare, J. A., J. Manderson, J. Nye, M. Alexander, P. J. Auster, D. Borggaard, A. Capotondi, K. Damon-Randall, E. Heupel, I. Mateo, L. O'Brien, D. Richardson, C. Stock, and S. T. Biegel, 2012: Cusk (Brosme brosme) and climate change: assessing the threat to a candidate marine fish species under the U.S. Endangered Species Act ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69, 1753-1768.
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• Alexander, M. A., H. Seo, S.-P. Xie, and J. D. Scott, 2012: ENSO's Impact on the Gap Wind Regions of the Eastern Tropical Pacific Ocean J. Climate, 25, 3549-3565.
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  • Supplemental material


• Capotondi, A., M. Alexander, N. Bond, E. Churchitser, and J. Scott, 2012: Enhanced Upper-Ocean Stratification with Climate Change in the CMIP3 Models. J. Geophs Res. - Oceans, 117, C04031, doi:10.1029/2011JC007409.
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• Wu, L., W. Cai, L. Zhang, H. Nakamura, A. Timmermann, T. Joyce, M. J. McPhaden, M. Alexander, B. Qiu, M. Visbeck, P. Chang, and B. Giese, 2012: Enhanced warming over the global subtropical western boundary currents. Nature Climate Change. DOI: 10.1038/NCLIMATE1353.
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• Mahoney, K., M. A. Alexander, G. Thompson, J. J. Barsugli, J. D. Scott, 2012: Changes in hail and flood risk in high-resolution simulations over the Colorado Mountains. Nature Climate Change, 2, doi:10.1038/nclimate1344.
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• Deser, C., A. S. Phillips, R. A. Tomas, Y. Okumura, M. A. Alexander, A. Capotondi, J. D. Scott, Y. -O. Kwon, and M. Ohba. ENSO and Pacific Decadal Variability in Community Climate System Model Version 4. J. Climate, 25, 2622-2651, 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00301.1.
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• Ciasto, L. M., M. A. Alexander, C. Deser, M. H. England, 2011: On the persistence of cold season SST anomalies associated with the Annular Modes. J. Climate, 24, 2500-2515.
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• Frankignoul C., N. Sennechael, Y-O. Kwon, and M. A. Alexander, 2011: Influence of the Meridional Shifts of the Kuroshio and the Oyashio Extensions on the Atmospheric Circulation. J. Climate, 24, 762-777.
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• Newman, M., S.-I. Shin, and M. A. Alexander, 2011: Natural variation in ENSO flavors. Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L14705, doi:10.1029/2011GL047658.
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• Newman, M., M. A. Alexander and J. D Scott, 2011: An empirical model of tropical ocean dynamics. Climate. Dyn., doi: 10.1007/s00382-011-1034-0.
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• Alexander, M. A., 2010: Extratropical Air-Sea Interaction, SST Variability and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). Climate Dynamics: Why does Climate Vary, Editors D. Sun and F. Bryan, AGU Monograph #189, Washington D. C., 123-148.
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• Alexander, M. A., D. J. Vimont, P. Chang, and J. D. Scott, 2010: The Impact of Extratropical Atmospheric Variability on ENSO: Testing the Seasonal Footprinting Mechanism using Coupled Model Experiments. J. Climate, 23, 2885-2901.
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• Alexander, M. A., R. Tomas, C. Deser, and D. M. Lawrence, 2010: The Atmospheric Response to Projected Terrestrial Snow Changes in the Late 21st Century J. Climate, 23, 6430-6437.
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• Capotondi, A., and M. A. Alexander, 2010: Relationship between precipitation in the Great Plains of the United States and global SSTs: Insights from the IPCC-AR4 models. J. Climate, 23, 2941-2958.
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• Di Lorenzo, K. M. Cobb, J. Furtado, N. Schneider, B. Anderson, A. Bracco, M. A. Alexander, and D. Vimont, 2010: Central Pacific El Ni?o and decadal climate change in the North Pacific. Nature Geosciences, 3 (11), 762-765, doi: 10.1038/NGEO984.
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• Kwon, Y.-O., M. A. Alexander, N. A. Bond, C. Frankignoul, H. Nakamura, B. Qiu, L. Thompson, 2010: Role of Gulf Stream, Kuroshio-Oyashio and Their Extensions in Large-Scale Atmosphere-Ocean Interaction: A Review. J. Climate, 23, 3249-3281.
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• Stock, C. A., M. A. Alexander, et al., 2010: On the use of IPCC-class models to assess the impact of climate on living marine resources, Progress in Oceanography, 88, 1-27, doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2010.09.001.
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• Deser, C., A. S. Phillips, and M. A. Alexander, 2010: Twentieth Century Tropical Sea Surface Temperature Trends Revisited. Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L10701, doi:10.1029/2010GL043321.
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• Hare, J., M. Alexander, M. Fogarty, E. Williams, J. Scott, 2010: Forecasting the dynamics of a coastal fishery species using a coupled climate population model. Ecological Applications, 20(2), 452-464.
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  • Appendix


• Deser, C., M. A. Alexander, S.-P. Xie, and A. S. Phillips, 2010: Sea Surface Temperature Variability: Patterns and Mechanisms. Annual Review of Marine Sciences, 2, 115-143, doi:10.1146/annurev-marine-120408-151453.
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• Deser, C., R. Thomas, M. Alexander, and D. Lawrence, 2010: The Seasonal Atmospheric Response to Projected Arctic Sea Ice Loss In the Late 21st Century. J. Climate, 23, 333-351.
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• Tsukernik, M., C. Deser, M. Alexander, R. Tomas, 2009: Atmospheric forcing of Fram Strait sea ice export: A closer look. Climate Dyn., doi:10.1007/s00382-009-0647-z.
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• Vimont, D. J., M. Alexander, and A. Fontaine, 2009: Mid-latitude excitation of tropical variability in the Pacific: the role of thermodynamic coupling and seasonality. J. Climate, 22, 518-534.
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• Capotondi, A., V. Combes, M. A. Alexander, E. D. Lorenzo, and A. J. Miller, 2009: Low-Frequency Variability in the Gulf of Alaska from coarse and eddy-permitting ocean models. J. Geophys. Res - Oceans, 114, C01017, doi:10.1029/2008JC004983.
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• Alexander, M. A. and J. D. Scott, 2008: The role of Ekman ocean heat transport in the Northern Hemisphere Response to ENSO. J. Climate, 21, 5688-5707.
  • PDF Reprint


• Bhatt, U. S., M.A Alexander, C. Deser, J.E.Walsh, J.S. Miller, M. Timlin, J.D. Scott, and R. Tomas, 2008: The Atmospheric Response to Realistic Reduced Summer Arctic Sea Ice Anomalies, in Arctic Sea Ice Decline: Observations, Projections, Mechanisms, and Implications, Geophys. Monogr. Ser., vol. 180, edited by E. T. DeWeaver, C. M. Bitz, and L.-B. Tremblay, pp. 91-110, AGU, Washington, D. C.
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• Bladé, I., M. Newman, M. A. Alexander, 2008: The late fall extratropical response to ENSO: sensitivity to coupling and convection in the tropical west Pacific. J. Climate, 21, 6101-6118.
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• Alexander, M., A. Capotondi, A. Miller, F. Chai, R. Brodeur and C. Deser, 2008: Decadal variability in the Northeast Pacific in a physical-ecosystem model: The role of mixed layer depth and trophic interactions. Journal of Geophysical Research - Oceans, 113, C02017, doi:10.1029/2007JC004359.
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• Alexander, M. A., L. Matrosova, C. Penland, J. D. Scott, and P. Chang, 2008: Forecasting Pacific SSTs: Linear Inverse Model Predictions of the PDO. J. Climate, 21, 385-402.
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• Solomon, A., S.-I. Shin, M.A. Alexander, and J.P. McCreary, 2007. The relative importance of tropical variability forced from the North Pacific through ocean pathways. Climate Dyn, doi:10.1007/s00382-007-0353-7.
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• Liu, Z. and M. A. Alexander, 2007: Atmospheric Bridge, Oceanic Tunnel and Global Climatic Teleconnections. Rev. of Geophys., 45, RG2005, doi:10.1029/2005RG000172.
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• Cassou, C., C. Deser and M. A. Alexander, 2007: Investigating the impact of reemerging sea surface temperature anomalies on the winter atmospheric circulation over the North Atlantic. J. Climate, 20, 3510-3526.
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• Trites, A. W., A. J. Miller, H. D. G. Maschner, M. A. Alexander, S. J. Bograd, J. A. Calder, A. Capotondi, K. O. Coyle, E. Di Lorenzo, B. P. Finney, E. J. Gregr, C. E. Grosch, S. R. Hare, G. L. Hunt, J. Jahncke, N. B. Kachel, H.-J. Kim, C. Ladd, N. J. Mantua, C. Marzban, W. Maslowski, R. Mendelssohn, D. J. Neilson, S. R. Okkonen, J. E. Overland, K. L. Reedy-Maschner, T. C. Royer, F. B. Schwing, J. X. L. Wang and A. J. Winship, 2007: Bottom-up forcing and the decline of Steller sea lions in Alaska: Assessing the ocean climate hypothesis. Fisheries Oceanography, 16, 46-67.
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• Park, S., M. A. Alexander, and C. Deser, 2006: The impact of cloud radiative feedback, remote ENSO forcing, and entrainment on the persistence of North Pacific sea surface temperature anomalies. J. Climate 19, 6243-6261.
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• Schwing, F. B., N. A. Bond, S. J. Bograd, T. Mitchell, M. A. Alexander, N. Mantua., 2006: Delayed upwelling along the U.S. West Coast in 2005: A historical perspective. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, doi:10.1029/2006GL026911.
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• Alexander, M., J. Yin, G. Branstator, A. Capotondi, C. Cassou, R. Cullather, Y.-O. Kwon, J Norris, J. Scott, I. Wainer, 2006. Extratropical Atmosphere-Ocean Variability in CCSM3. J. Climate, 19, 2496-2525. Special Issue (June 1, #11) on the CCSM3.
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• Peng, S., W.A. Robinson, S. Li, and M.A. Alexander, 2006: Effects of Ekman transport on the NAO response to a tropical Atlantic SST anomaly. J. Climate, 19, 4803-4818.
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• Sura, P., M. Newman, and M. A. Alexander, 2006: Daily to decadal sea surface temperature variability driven by state-dependent stochastic heat fluxes. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 36, 1940-1958.
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• Capotondi, Antonietta, Michael A. Alexander, Clara Deser, and M. McPhaden, 2005: Anatomy and Decadal Evolution of the Pacific Subtropical Cells. Journal of Climate, 18, 3739-3758.
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• Capotondi, A., M. A. Alexander, C. Deser and A. J. Miller, 2005: Low-frequency pycnocline variability in the Northeast Pacific. J. Phys. Oceanography, 35, 1403-1420.
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• Miller, A. J., E. DiLorenzo, D. J. Neilson, H.-J. Kim, A. Capotondi, M. A. Alexander, S. J. Bograd, F. B. Schwing, R. Mendelssohn, K. Hedstrom and D. L. Musgrave, 2005: Interdecadal changes in mesoscale eddy variance in the Gulf of Alaska circulation: Possible implications for the Steller sea lion decline. Atmosphere-Ocean, 43, 231-240.
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• Park, S., C. Deser, and M. A. Alexander. 2005: Estimation of the surface heat flux response to sea surface temperature anomalies over the global oceans. Journal of Climate:, 18, 4582-4599.
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• Alexander, M. A., N.-C. Lau, and J. D. Scott, 2004: Broadening the atmospheric bridge paradigm: ENSO teleconnections to the North Pacific in summer and to the tropical west Pacific- Indian Oceans over the seasonal cycle. Earth Climate: The Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction. , eds. C. Wang, S.-P. Xie and J. Carton. AGU Monograph. pp. 85-104.
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• Alexander, M. A., U. S. Bhatt, J. E. Walsh, M. S. Timlin, J. S. Miller and J. D. Scott, 2004: The atmospheric response to realistic Arctic sea ice anomalies in an AGCM during Winter. J. Climate , 17, 890-905.
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• Shinoda, T., M. A. Alexander, and H. H. Hendon, 2004: Remote response of the Indian Ocean to interannual SST variations in the tropical Pacific. J. Climate, 17, 362-372.
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• Shinoda, T., H. H. Hendon, and M. A. Alexander, 2004: Surface and subsurface dipole variability in the Indian Ocean and its relation with ENSO. Deep Sea Research I, 51, 619-635.
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• Capotondi, A., M. A. Alexander, and C. Deser, 2003: Why are there Rossby wave maxima at 10°S and 13°N in the Pacific? J. Phys. Oceanogr., 33, 1549-1563.
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• Carey, C., M. A. Alexander, 2003: Climate change and amphibian declines: is there a link? Diversity and Distributions, 9, 111-121 DOI: 10.1046/j.1472-4642.2003.00011.x
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• Miller, A. J., M. A. Alexander and co-authors, 2003: Potential feedbacks between Pacific Ocean ecosystems and interdecadal climate variations. Bull. Amer. Met. Soc., 84, 617-635.
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• Newman, G. Compo, M. A. Alexander, 2003: ENSO-forced variability of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation. J. Climate, 16, 3853-3857.
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• Alexander, M. A. and J. D. Scott, 2002: The influence of ENSO on air-sea interaction in the Atlantic. Geophys. Res. Lett., 29(14), 10.1029/2001GL014347.
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• Alexander, M. A., I. Blade, M. Newman, J. R. Lanzante, N.-C. Lau, and J. D. Scott, 2002: The Atmospheric Bridge: the Influence of ENSO Teleconnections on Air-Sea Interaction Over the Global Oceans. J. Climate , 15, 2205-2231.
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• Deser, C., M. A. Alexander, and M. S. Timlin, 2003: On the persistence of sea surface temperature anomalies in midlatitudes. J. Climate , 16, 16, 57-72.
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• Timlin, M. S., M. A. Alexander, and C. Deser, 2002: On the reemergence of North Atlantic SST anomalies. J. Climate, 15, 9, 2707-2712.
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• Alexander, M. A., and J. K. Eischeid, 2001: Climate variability in regions of amphibian declines. Conservation Biology. 15, 930-942.
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• Alexander, M. A., M. S. Timlin, and J. D. Scott, 2001: Winter-to-Winter recurrence of sea surface temperature, salinity and mixed layer depth anomalies. Progress in Oceanography, 49, 41-61.
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• Capotondi, A., and M. A. Alexander, 2001: Rossby waves in the tropical North Pacific and their role in decadal thermocline variability. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 31, 3496-3515.
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• Capotondi, A., and M. A. Alexander, 2001: The influence of thermocline topography on the oceanic response to fluctuating winds: A case study in the tropical North Pacific. IUTAM Symposium on Advances in Mathematical Modelling of Atmosphere and Ocean Dynamics. Edited by P.F. Hodnett. Fluid Mechanics and its Applications 61, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 119-124.


• Alexander, M. A., J. D. Scott, and C. Deser, 2000: Processes that influence sea surface temperature and ocean mixed layer depth variability in a coupled model. J. Geophys. Res. - Oceans, 105, 16,823-16,842.
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• Newman, M., M. A. Alexander, C. R. Winkler, J. D. Scott, and J. J.Barsugli, 2000: A linear diagnosis of the coupled extratropical Ocean-Atmosphere system in the GFDL GCM. Atmospheric Sciences Letters, 1, 1, 14-25.


• Alexander, M. A., C. Deser and M. S. Timlin, 1999: The re-emergence of SST anomalies in the North Pacific Ocean. J. Climate, 12, 2419-2431.
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• Deser, C., M. A. Alexander, and M. S. Timlin, 1999: Evidence for a wind-driven intensification of the Kuroshio Current Extension from the 1970s to the 1980s. J. Climate, 12, 1697-1706.
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• Schneider, N., A. J. Miller, M. A. Alexander, C. Deser, 1999: Subduction of decadal North Pacific temperature anomalies: observations and dynamics. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 29, 1056-1070.
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• Scott, J. D. and M. A. Alexander, 1999: Net shortwave fluxes over the ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 29, 3167-3174.
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• Bhatt, U. S., M. A. Alexander, D. S. Battisti, D. D. Houghton and L. M. Keller, 1998: Atmosphere-ocean interaction in North Atlantic: near-surface climate variability. J. Climate, 11, 1615-1632.
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• Alexander, M. A., and J. D. Scott, 1997: Surface flux variability over the North Pacific and North Atlantic Oceans. J. Climate, 10, 2963-2978.
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• Alexander, M. A., and C. Penland, 1996: Variability in a mixed layer ocean model driven by stochastic atmospheric forcing. J. Climate, 9, 2424-2442.
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• Alexander, M. A. and J. D. Scott, 1996: Atlas of Climatology and Variability in the GFDL R30S14 GCM. U.S. Government Printing Office: 1996-774-842.


• Deser, C., M. A. Alexander, and M. S. Timlin, 1996 : Upper ocean thermal variations in the North Pacific during 1970-1991. J. Climate, 9, 1840-1855.
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• Scott, J. D., M. A. Alexander, J. A. Collins, and C. A. Smith, 1996. Interactive Visualization of Climate Data on the WWW. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 78, 1985-1989.


• Alexander, M. A., and C. Deser, 1995: A mechanism for the recurrence of midlatitude SST anomalies during winter. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 25, 122-137.
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• Battisti, D. S., U. Bhatt, and M. A. Alexander, 1995: A modeling study of the interannual variability of sea surface temperature in the wintertime N. Atlantic Ocean. J. Climate, 8, 3067-3083.
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• Alexander, M. A., and K. M. Weickmann, 1995: Biennial variability in an atmospheric general circulation model. J. Climate, 8, 431-440.
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• Alexander, M. A., 1992: Midlatitude atmosphere-ocean interaction during El Niño. Part II: the Northern Hemisphere Atmosphere. J. Climate, 5, 959-972.
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• Alexander, M. A., 1992: Midlatitude atmosphere-ocean interaction during El Niño. Part I: the North Pacific Ocean. J. Climate, 5, 944-958.
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• Alexander, M. A., 1990: Simulation of the response of the North Pacific ocean to the anomalous atmospheric circulation associated with El Niño. Climate Dyn., 5, 53-65.


• Alexander, M. A., and S. D. Schubert, 1990 : Regional earth-atmosphere energy balance estimates based on assimilations with a GCM. J. Climate, 3, 15-31.
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