El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO)
Top 24 Strongest El Niño and La Niña Event Years by Season
The values below were calculated using PSL's Extended Multivariate ENSO Index (MEI.ext) for 1895 to 2015.
Ranked El Niño Events by 3-Month Season | ||||||||||||
Rank | DJF | JFM | FMA | MAM | AMJ | MJJ | JJA | JAS | ASO | SON | OND | NDJ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1983 | 1983 | 1983 | 1983 | 1983 | 1997 | 1997 | 1997 | 1997 | 1997 | 1997 | 1997 |
2 | 1998 | 1998 | 1998 | 1998 | 1992 | 1983 | 1987 | 1987 | 1987 | 1982 | 1982 | 1982 |
3 | 1973 | 1992 | 1992 | 1992 | 1998 | 1992 | 1972 | 1972 | 1972 | 1972 | 1972 | 1972 |
4 | 1931 | 1931 | 1931 | 1987 | 1987 | 1987 | 1983 | 1982 | 1982 | 1987 | 1902 | 1930 |
5 | 1992 | 1973 | 1987 | 1941 | 1941 | 1941 | 1905 | 1905 | 1905 | 1902 | 1930 | 1965 |
6 | 1966 | 1919 | 1941 | 1931 | 1993 | 1993 | 1982 | 1902 | 1965 | 1930 | 1987 | 1902 |
7 | 1919 | 1987 | 1926 | 1926 | 1900 | 1900 | 1902 | 1965 | 1902 | 1965 | 1941* | 1991 |
8 | 1926 | 1941 | 1958 | 1993 | 1997 | 1905 | 1941 | 1957 | 1930 | 1941 | 1965* | 1941 |
9 | 1958 | 2010 | 1919 | 1958 | 1958 | 1958 | 1992 | 1941 | 1941 | 1905 | 1925 | 1925 |
10 | 1897 | 1958 | 2010 | 1900 | 1940 | 1902 | 1957 | 1930 | 1957 | 1925 | 1994 | 1987 |
11 | 2010 | 1966 | 1973 | 1940 | 1931 | 1972 | 1965 | 1896 | 1896 | 1896 | 1905 | 1896 |
12 | 1987 | 1926 | 1900 | 1919 | 1915 | 1940 | 1958 | 1918 | 1925 | 1957 | 1896 | 1994 |
13 | 1942 | 1897 | 1993 | 1915 | 1926 | 1982 | 1940 | 1983 | 1914 | 1994 | 1986 | 1986 |
14 | 1988 | 1995 | 1966 | 1905 | 1905 | 1915 | 1993 | 1940 | 1918 | 1986 | 2006 | 1957 |
15 | 1941 | 1915 | 1897 | 2010 | 1919 | 1998 | 1900 | 1919 | 1951 | 2006 | 2009 | 2009 |
16 | 1995 | 1900 | 1940 | 1980 | 1980 | 1957 | 1919 | 1914 | 2009 | 1914 | 1957 | 2006 |
17 | 1915 | 2003 | 1905 | 1897 | 1930 | 1919 | 1930 | 1951 | 1986 | 2009 | 2002 | 1918 |
18 | 2003 | 1942 | 1915 | 1969 | 1969 | 1926 | 2009 | 1958 | 1963 | 1963 | 1991 | 2002 |
19 | 1903 | 1993 | 1969 | 1930 | 1902* | 1930 | 1969 | 2009 | 1940 | 1976 | 1914 | 1914 |
20 | 1900 | 1988 | 1995 | 1966 | 1991* | 1969 | 1932 | 1992 | 1976 | 2002 | 1918 | 1905 |
21 | 1906 | 1969 | 2003 | 1995 | 1982 | 1991 | 1915 | 1969 | 1899 | 1951 | 1963 | 1940 |
22 | 2007 | 1905 | 1980 | 1959 | 1932 | 2012 | 2012 | 1993 | 1919 | 1993 | 1993 | 1977 |
23 | 1978 | 1903 | 1942 | 1991 | 1994 | 1932 | 2014 | 1932 | 1994 | 1918 | 1976 | 1899 |
24 | 1980 | 1940 | 1903 | 1932 | 1995 | 2014 | 1991 | 2006 | 2006 | 1899 | 1977 | 1963 |
Ranked La Niña Events by 3-Month Season | ||||||||||||
Rank | DJF | JFM | FMA | MAM | AMJ | MJJ | JJA | JAS | ASO | SON | OND | NDJ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1974 | 1974 | 1974 | 1971 | 1910 | 1910 | 1910 | 1916 | 1975 | 1975 | 1975 | 1975 |
2 | 1917 | 1917 | 1971 | 1910 | 1971 | 1955 | 1955 | 1975 | 1916 | 1955 | 1955 | 1955 |
3 | 1956 | 2011 | 1917 | 1974 | 1917 | 1971 | 1916 | 1910 | 2010 | 2010 | 1916 | 1916 |
4 | 1976 | 1956 | 1910 | 1917 | 1955 | 1917 | 1950 | 2010 | 1988 | 1916 | 2010 | 1973 |
5 | 2011 | 1976 | 2011 | 1956 | 1956 | 1956 | 1909 | 1955 | 1955 | 1988 | 1988 | 2010 |
6 | 1989 | 1971 | 1956 | 1950 | 1911 | 1950 | 1975 | 1909 | 1909 | 1973 | 1973 | 1988 |
7 | 1910 | 1910 | 1976 | 1955 | 1950 | 1911 | 1971 | 1988 | 1973 | 1909 | 1909 | 1909 |
8 | 1971 | 2008 | 2008 | 1976 | 1974 | 1909 | 1988 | 1950 | 1910 | 1910 | 1910 | 1910 |
9 | 1951 | 1989 | 1950 | 1989 | 1908 | 1975 | 1956* | 1924 | 1950 | 1971 | 2007 | 1950 |
10 | 2000 | 2000 | 2000 | 2000 | 1989 | 1908 | 1917* | 1973 | 1924 | 1950 | 1950 | 1917 |
11 | 1918 | 1951 | 1989 | 1999 | 1999 | 1916 | 1924 | 1938 | 1971 | 2007 | 1971 | 1942 |
12 | 2008 | 1904 | 1999 | 2011 | 1975 | 1938 | 1938 | 1964 | 1970 | 1964 | 1917 | 1999 |
13 | 1943 | 1934 | 1955 | 1911 | 1909 | 1964 | 1964 | 1970 | 1964 | 1970 | 1908 | 1970 |
14 | 1934 | 1999 | 1904 | 1908 | 2000 | 1989 | 2010 | 1971 | 1938 | 1917 | 1970 | 2007 |
15 | 1904 | 1950 | 1951 | 2008 | 1907 | 1974 | 1970 | 1917 | 1917 | 1924 | 1942 | 1908 |
16 | 1999 | 1918 | 1918 | 1916 | 1916 | 1924 | 1973 | 1956 | 1954 | 1933 | 1954 | 1933 |
17 | 1911 | 1943 | 1934 | 1975 | 1938 | 1999 | 1908 | 1954 | 1933 | 1954* | 1964 | 1954 |
18 | 1950 | 1955 | 1939 | 1921 | 1921 | 1907 | 1974 | 1933 | 1942 | 1942* | 1933 | 2011 |
19 | 1955 | 1939 | 1898 | 1904 | 1962 | 1962 | 1989 | 1942 | 2007 | 1908 | 1999 | 1998 |
20 | 1909 | 1911 | 1916 | 1907 | 1964 | 1988 | 1999 | 1908 | 1956 | 1906 | 1956 | 1903 |
21 | 2012 | 1985 | 1943 | 1909 | 1895 | 2000 | 1911 | 1967 | 1908 | 1956 | 1974 | 1974 |
22 | 1925 | 1909 | 1985 | 1898 | 1985 | 1921 | 1954 | 1974 | 1898 | 2011 | 2011 | 1949 |
23 | 1939 | 1895 | 1895 | 1985 | 1976 | 1967 | 1933 | 1999 | 1906 | 1999 | 1924 | 1956 |
24 | 1962 | 1925 | 1911 | 1895 | 1968 | 1933 | 1967 | 1898 | 1967 | 1938 | 1906 | 1924 |
* Tied Years