AMIP with 1880s Radiative Forcing

Description: AMIP conditions in which the SST has been detrended and adjusted to 1880 equivalent mean conditions (the SST otherwise retain identical interannual and decadal variability as in the other experiments). Sea ice is set to a repeating seasonal cycle of roughly 1979-1990 (pre-emergnce of the melt out). The GHG and ozone concentrations are adjusted to their 1880 values.

Experiment ID: amip_1880s_rf

Years: 1979-2012

Forcings

Sea Surface Temperature (SST) Detrended and adjusted to 1880 equivalent mean conditions. Values from dataset described here:

Hurrell, James W., James J. Hack, Dennis Shea, Julie M. Caron, James Rosinski, 2008: A New Sea Surface Temperature and Sea Ice Boundary Dataset for the Community Atmosphere Model. J. Climate, 21, 5145–5153. doi: 0.1175/2008JCLI2292.1

Forcing file: SST & Sea Ice
Sea Ice (SIC) A repeating seasonal cycle of roughly 1979-1989 (pre-emergence of the melt out). Values are from dataset described here:

Hurrell, James W., James J. Hack, Dennis Shea, Julie M. Caron, James Rosinski, 2008: A New Sea Surface Temperature and Sea Ice Boundary Dataset for the Community Atmosphere Model. J. Climate, 21, 5145–5153. doi: 0.1175/2008JCLI2292.1

Forcing file: SST & Sea Ice
Greenhouse Gases (GHG) 1880s values from:

Meinshausen, M., S. J. Smith, K. V. Calvin, J. S. Daniel, M. Kainuma, J.-F. Lamarque, K. Matsumoto, S. A. Montzka, S. C. B. Raper, K. Riahi, A. M. Thomson, G. J. M. Velders and D. van Vuuren (2011). The RCP Greenhouse Gas Concentrations and their Extension from 1765 to 2300. Climatic Change (Special Issue). doi: 10.1007/s10584-011-0156-z

which are the CMIP5 Recommendations for annual average, global mean concentrations.
Ozone (03) ECHAM5: 1880s values of data from the AC&C/SPARC ozone database:

Cionni, I., V. Eyring, J. F. Lamarque, W. J. Randel, D. S. Stevenson, F. Wu, G. E. Bodeker, T. G. Shepherd, D. T. Shindell, and D. W. Waugh, 2011: Ozone database in support of CMIP5 simulations: results and corresponding radiative forcing, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 11, 10875-10933, doi: 10.5194/acpd-11-10875-2011 , 2011.

CAM4 & CAM5: Pre-industrial values from:

Lamarque, J.-F., Emmons, L. K., Hess, P. G., Kinnison, D. E., Tilmes, S., Vitt, F., Heald, C. L., Holland, E. A., Lauritzen, P. H., Neu, J., Orlando, J. J., Rasch, P. J., and Tyndall, G. K., 2012: CAM- chem: description and evaluation of interactive atmospheric chemistry in the Community Earth System Model, Geosci. Model Dev., 5, 369–411, doi: 10.5194/gmd-5-369-2012, 2012.

Aerosols ECHAM5 uses a built-in, time independent aerosol model which is based on atmosphere layers, and land and water surface types, described here:

Tanre, D., Geleyn, J.-F. and Slingo, J. M. (1984): First results of the introduction of an advanced aerosol-radiation interaction in the ecmwf low resolution global model. In: Aerosols and Their Climatic Effects, edited by Gerber, H. and Deepak, A., pp. 133–177. A. Deepak, Hampton, Va.

CAM4 & CAM5 uses time-varying aerosol content, and volcano aerosols from 1979-2005. After 2005, RCP6 aerosols (with no volcanoes) are used.

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