Figure 6. The June-August 2011 U.S. precipitation anomalies (% of climatology, left) and surface temperature anomalies (°C, right). Observed (top), ensemble mean AMIP simulated (middle), and ensemble mean CMIP5 simulated (bottom). The AMIP results are based on an 80-member GFS average for 2011, and the CMIP results are based on a 220-member average using 20 different models for a 11-year window of JJA conditions centered on 2011. All anomalies are relative to the respective data set’s 1981-2010 climatology, and the observed scale of plotted anomalies is double that shown for the simulations. The reference AMIP simulation uses the same GHG concentrations as those specified in the 2011 experiments.